Machining essentially involves removal of excess material to get the desired shape, size, accuracy and finish of the product. In conventional machining processes, material removal is achieved through tool-work interaction. The tool used may be a single-point tool such as those used in turning, shaping and planning operations, or a multi-point tool like those used in milling and drilling operations. When bonded abrasives are used as a tool, the process is known as grinding.
A number of new machining methods have been developed which use new energy modes for achieving material removal. These machining methods have come to be known as unconventional machining processes and include electro discharge machining, electrochemical machining, ultrasonic machining and laser beam machining.
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