Manufacturing Processes-

1) Constant mass operations-
2) Material removal operations
3) Material addition operations-

The basic manufacturing processes that fall under each of these classified into different categories. In order to meet the basic requirements of quality and service life of manufactured products at a competitive price, the engineers associated with design activities must be well-acquainted with the various manufacturing processes. While it is not possible to cover the various aspects of manufacturing processes. The emphasis is on the fundamentals of basic manufacturing processes- casting, forming, machining and welding.

Heat Treatment-

Heat treatment operations involve controlled heating and cooling of metals for the purpose of altering their mechanical and metallurgical properties without and international change in the shape and size of the work piece. Heat treatment operations commonly used are hardening, tempering, normalizing and annealing.